避免裂痕呈現(xiàn)的對(duì)策
Countermeasures to avoid cracks
避免GRC構(gòu)件裂痕的對(duì)策包括：
Measures to avoid cracks in GRC members include:
（1）必需運(yùn)用耐堿玻纖。
(1) Alkali resistant fiberglass must be used.
?。?）選用低收縮率水泥。
(2) Choose low shrinkage cement.
?。?）在保證GRC強(qiáng)度等力學(xué)性能的前提下，選用強(qiáng)度等級(jí)低的水泥。
(3) On the premise of ensuring mechanical properties such as GRC strength, cement with low strength grade shall be selected.
?。?）制止運(yùn)用過(guò)時(shí)或受潮水泥。
(4) Do not use outdated or damp cement.
（5）運(yùn)用低堿水泥時(shí)，為避免碳化，宜涂刷外表防護(hù)劑。
(5) When using low alkali cement, in order to avoid carbonization, it is advisable to brush the surface protective agent.
?。?）小于0.15mm的細(xì)骨料不超越10%。
(6) Fine aggregate less than 0.15mm shall not exceed 10%.
（7）謹(jǐn)慎運(yùn)用輕質(zhì)、軟質(zhì)、彈性模量低和吸水率高的骨料。
(7) Use lightweight, soft, low modulus of elasticity and high water absorption aggregates with caution.
（8）含泥量大的骨料清洗后運(yùn)用。
(8) The aggregate with large mud content shall be used after cleaning.
（9）減水劑運(yùn)用應(yīng)適量，應(yīng)謹(jǐn)慎運(yùn)用早強(qiáng)劑。
(9) The application of water reducing agent should be appropriate and early strength agent should be used carefully.
?。?0）運(yùn)用人工砂需控制石粉含量。
(10) The content of stone powder should be controlled when using artificial sand.
（11）摻加聚合物。
(11) Blending polymer.
?。?2）在保證強(qiáng)度的前提下，減少水泥用量（或增加砂子用量），灰砂比以1∶1為宜。
(12) On the premise of ensuring the strength, it is better to reduce the cement dosage (or increase the sand dosage), and the ratio of lime to sand is 1:1.
13）水灰比宜控制在0.3～0.4之間。
13) The water cement ratio should be controlled between 0.3 and 0.4.
?。?4）玻纖含量契合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)請(qǐng)求。
(14) The glass fiber content meets the standard requirements.
?。?5）顏料摻量不宜超越6%。
(15) The content of pigment should not exceed 6%.
?。?6）構(gòu)件設(shè)計(jì)和制造防止斷面厚度突變。
(16) The design and manufacture of components shall prevent sudden change of section thickness.
?。?7）銜接龍骨與GRC板的錨桿防止剛渡過(guò)大，或太粗、或太短。
(17) The anchor rod connecting the keel and GRC Plate shall not be too large, too thick or too short.
?。?8）轉(zhuǎn)角和大折邊構(gòu)件，兩個(gè)方向的錨桿應(yīng)防止構(gòu)成剛性約束。
(18) For corner members and large flanged members, anchor bolts in both directions shall be prevented from forming rigid constraints.
?。?9）在同一受力方向上只布置1個(gè)剛性錨桿，其他都是柔性錨桿。
(19) Only one rigid bolt is arranged in the same stress direction, the others are all flexible bolts.
?。?0）GRC墻板的重力錨桿應(yīng)為下托式，以防止GRC板受拉。
(20) Gravity anchors for GRC wall panels shall be of the down support type to prevent tension on the GRC panels.
?。?1）外表質(zhì)感層的干縮率不大于基層GRC的干縮率。
(21) the dry shrinkage of the surface texture layer shall not be greater than that of GRC.
（22）橫向構(gòu)件頂板設(shè)置排水坡度設(shè)計(jì)，避免積水積冰。
(22) the drainage slope design shall be set for the top plate of transverse members to avoid water accumulation and ice accumulation.
?。?3）裝置結(jié)點(diǎn)應(yīng)當(dāng)有3個(gè)方向的誤差調(diào)整空間，防止裝置時(shí)“強(qiáng)擰”或焊接。
(23) the device node shall have error adjustment space in three directions to prevent "forced tightening" or welding during the device.
?。?4）一個(gè)構(gòu)件的裝置結(jié)點(diǎn)應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)成1個(gè)固定結(jié)點(diǎn)和3個(gè)活動(dòng)結(jié)點(diǎn)的組合。
(24) the device node of a component shall be designed as a combination of one fixed node and three active nodes.
?。?5）無(wú)龍骨GRC構(gòu)件裝置結(jié)點(diǎn)應(yīng)下托上拉。
(25) the nodes of the non keel GRC component device shall be supported and pulled up.
（26）裝置結(jié)點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)保證上部柱子重量不由下部柱子承當(dāng)。
(26) the node design of the device shall ensure that the weight of the upper column is not borne by the lower column.
?。?7）裝置結(jié)點(diǎn)應(yīng)當(dāng)用螺栓、銜接板銜接，不直接焊接在主體構(gòu)造上。
(27) the joints of the device shall be connected by bolts and connecting plates, not directly welded on the main structure.
?。?8）大型構(gòu)件須停模設(shè)計(jì)，防模時(shí)呈現(xiàn)早期裂痕。
(28) the demoulding design of large members shall be stopped to prevent early cracks during demoulding.
（29）吊點(diǎn)與吊具設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)防止裝卸、吊裝過(guò)程構(gòu)件被拉裂。
(29) the design of lifting points and lifting appliances shall prevent the components from being pulled apart during loading, unloading and hoisting.
?。?0）GRC背附龍骨須保證剛度。
(30) the back keel of GRC shall be rigid.
?。?1）GRC漿料須充沛足時(shí)攪拌。嚴(yán)禁漿料初凝后再加水稀釋。
(31) the GRC slurry shall be stirred when it is sufficient. It is strictly prohibited to add water to dilute the slurry after initial setting.
?。?2）嚴(yán)禁外表質(zhì)感層初凝后才鋪設(shè)GRC基層料。
(32) it is strictly prohibited to lay GRC base material after the initial setting of surface texture layer.
?。?3）控制厚度平均。
(33) average control thickness.
?。?4）防止玻纖含量缺乏或超越極限含量。
(34) prevent the glass fiber content from lacking or exceeding the limit content.
（35）GRC漿料應(yīng)分層滾壓密實(shí)。特別是邊角部位、預(yù)埋件部位和錨桿錨固盤(pán)部位。（36）折邊大、立邊高的構(gòu)件，制造時(shí)防止滑料和初凝后擾動(dòng)。
(35) GRC slurry shall be rolled and compacted in layers. Especially the corner part, embedded part part and anchor plate part. (36) for members with large folded edge and high vertical edge, the sliding material and disturbance after initial setting shall be prevented during manufacturing.
（37）未到達(dá)脫模強(qiáng)度不得脫模，脫模時(shí)防止碰撞構(gòu)件。
(37) demoulding is not allowed until the strength of demoulding is reached. During demoulding, components shall not be collided.
?。?8）確頤養(yǎng)護(hù)溫度、濕度與時(shí)間，摻加聚合物不能完整取代養(yǎng)護(hù)。
(38) the temperature, humidity and time of curing can not be completely replaced by polymer.
?。?9）蒸汽養(yǎng)護(hù)時(shí)，養(yǎng)護(hù)溫度不宜超越 50℃。
(39) during steam curing, the curing temperature should not exceed 50 ℃.
（40）養(yǎng)護(hù)后的構(gòu)件防止急劇枯燥。
(40) the components after maintenance shall be prevented from sharp dryness.
（41）工地現(xiàn)場(chǎng)對(duì)構(gòu)件停止有效維護(hù)。
(41) stop effective maintenance of components on site.
?。?2）“活動(dòng)”結(jié)點(diǎn)的活動(dòng)性必需保證，比方螺栓不能擰得太緊等。
(42) the activity of the "movable" node must be guaranteed, for example, the bolt cannot be screwed too tight.
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